After sketching some problems in the definition of “image”, in this text we make a historical journey through the different disciplines and theoretical approaches that have images as a central theme, to focus on the case in anthropology, where we ask for the possibility of constructing an anthropology of the image, whose axis of analysis is the concept of “gaze”, very close to visual anthropology or to the science of the image (bildwissenschaft), from the history of art. In the end, a conflict of gazes in the universe of wixarika images (huichol) is reviewed, where we try to establish practicly the possibilities of an anthropology of the image.