Through the images, used as sources, this article tries to address the cultural encounter and clash of the two old worlds. It is understood by encounter, the process in which the men of these times would establish power relations, and through which he would define himself from defining the other. Definitions would be given through the spoken and written word, but also through the image; a method by which the knowledge of the different became more accessible to the eyes of any individual. The image is once again affirmed as an instrument of power. The travel books and chronicles of Indians would be part of the illustrated literature that would give account of what we can call the graphic invention of the new world, a visualization behind which are perceived the ways of valuing the strange, the foreign, the imagined: the good savage, the cannibal and the victim; they would be the ways to define the American Indian. The use of the image, however, was also carried out by Amerindians who knew how to use the system imposed on them as a strategy of resistance and subversion. It is from the illustrations and in particular from the image of the naked body in the graphic works of Teodoro de Bry and Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala, that he realizes the work of two men in the late 16th and early 17th centuries.